Caring for Someone with a Mental Illness

It is sad when you find out someone in your family has a mental illness, whether it is a relative or your own child. Mental illnesses can appear at any stage of life, and some even have them from birth. There are many different types of mental illnesses. Some of the most common types are Down syndrome and schizophrenia, however, a mental illness can be as simple as a learning impairment or disability. No matter what the mental illness, if someone in your family has one, you might be responsible for his or her care.

If someone with a mental illness has been entrusted in your care, it can make your life very stressful. Whether you are responsible for their meals, taking them places, or just checking in on them every once in a while, you have to take time out of your busy day to make sure their needs are met. There are support groups that can help you understand mental illnesses better and teach you how to cope and help the best.

Depending on the mental illness, you may also be responsible for helping in other ways. For instance, people with mental illness might need help preparing meals or managing their money. With the help of a doctor, you can better determine the role you’ll have to play.

It is a big responsibility to care for someone with a disability. You are doing a very good thing if you take on this responsibility. Plus, you can ensure that your loved one gets the help he or she needs.

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Diagnosis and Treatment for OCD

It is normal to double check that you have unplugged the iron, turned off the stove, or locked your car. However, a person with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) experiences compulsive behaviors brought on by obsessive thoughts that interfere with functioning properly in daily life.

OCD is defined as an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted, uncontrollable, and repetitive thoughts causing ritualized behaviors that the sufferer is compelled to perform. The OCD patient often recognizes the thoughts and behaviors as irrational, but are unable to resist and control them.

The obsessive part of the disorder causes disturbing and distracting thoughts that are impulsive and involuntary. The sufferer often develops obsessive thoughts including fear of being contaminated by dirt and germs, fear of causing harm to self or others, and superstitions.

The compulsive part of the disorder causes behaviors or rituals that must be acted out over and over to the point of causing anxiety as the urge becomes more demanding. The sufferer develops the compulsion to excessively double check things, check the safety of loved ones, hoarding, and repeatedly clean things.

OCD sufferers fall into one or more of the following categories including:

  • Checkers – have the compulsion to check things over and over that they consider to be harmful or dangerous such as the oven, iron, or unlocked doors
  • Washers – afraid of contamination and have cleaning or hand-washing rituals
  • Doubters – afraid that if something is not done perfectly something bad will happen or they will be punished
  • Hoarders – fear that if anything is thrown away something bad will happen causing them to hoard items they do not use or need
  • Counters and arrangers – have an obsession with order and symmetry which often manifests in superstitions about particular colors, arrangements, or numbers

There are many effective treatments for OCD sufferers including:

  • Cognitive therapy
  • Behavioral therapy
  • Medication for anxiety and depression
  • Family therapy
  • Group therapy and support
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Diagnosis and Treatment for PTSD

PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder) is characterized as an emotional illness caused by one or more occurrences of frightening, life-threatening, and highly unsafe experiences. It is classified as an anxiety disorder and had been first formally discovered and diagnosed in war veterans and soldiers.

More recently PTSD has been diagnosed in cases of patients involving sexual abuse, incest, and rape, catastrophic events such as plane crashes and automobile accidents, and even traumatic experiences such as home invasions, divorce, or the sudden death of a loved one.

PTSD can occur directly after a major trauma or be delayed for many months after the event. Patients that experience PTSD soon after the initial trauma are able to improve within a few months. Those that experience a delayed reaction can be faced with a longer-term form of PTSD lasting for many years.

The prevalent groups of symptoms assigned to a PTSD diagnosis include:

  • Re-experiencing the trauma on a recurrent basis including flashbacks, nightmares, and disturbing memories
  • Avoiding people, places, and certain experiences that remind the sufferer of the trauma to the point of developing a phobia
  • Developing chronic physical signs of hypersensitivity including having problems sleeping, poor concentration or trouble concentrating, experiencing blackouts and unable to remember things, and an increase in reaction and tendency for being startled or constant state of fear

A diagnosis of PTDS can be challenging for medical professionals as often time the sufferer comes in for an evaluation of something that appears to be unrelated. PTSD symptoms often manifest themselves physically with body aches and depression or a hidden by substance abuse.

If left untreated, PTSD can have devastating impacts on the sufferer’s emotional state, mental and physical functioning and well-being, and relationships with family.

There are treatment plans for PTSD which includes:

  • Psychological treatment including psychotherapy
  • Serotonergic antidepressants (SSRIs) to relieve and treat anxiety or depression
  • Mood stabilizers and antipsychotics to manage PTSD symptoms
  • Sleep analysis to directly address sleep issues associated with PTSD
  • Relaxation techniques and massage therapy
  • Support groups to assist with learning about the illness, creating a support system, and discovering positive lifestyle practices.
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