New Age of Photos in Healthcare

Technology moves faster than we may notice. We see technology take leaps and bounds so often that we may not notice when something great comes along. In the medical field, new technology is taken very seriously because efficiency and accuracy is so important to a patient’s health and health care professionals’ careers. One of the recent steps technology has taken has given life to a new, more efficient form of picture taking in the medical field that helps replace x-ray film.

The picture archiving and communication system (PACS) is the system in the medical field that stores digital images in a computer system as an alternative to x-rays. The reason PACS is so popular is that instead of x-ray film, patients’ photos are available on the hospital’s system, where almost any employee has access, making the use of photos more effective. The reports for the imaging study are also connected to the photo, which allows easy understanding of the photos. PACS allows results to be reported to the patients faster, and it is more efficient for the hospital employees.

The PACS system is much easier to use and more useful than previous technology. Replacing hard copies of images helps to create easier access for the doctors, and a faster way of tending to the patient because the pictures don’t take as long to process. PACS also helps in remote access, radiology workflow management, and electronic image integration platform.

PACS handles many different types of images. PACS can handle almost any picture, such as ultrasound photos, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, endoscopy, mammograms, positron emission tomography, and plenty of others.

 

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Diagnosis and Treatment for Binge Eating Disorders

On a few rare occassions, almost everyone takes the opportunity to overeat. Who doesn’t take an extra helping of seconds on Thanksgiving or enjoys a large piece of cake on their birthday? If the uncontrollable urge to overeat becomes a regularly patterned habit, you may a binge eating disorder sufferer.

Binge eating disorder can be characterized bythe act of compulsive overeating. The person consumes large quantities of food, feels powerless and out of control, but does not purge themselves of the food afterwards.  They often feel guilty, disgusted, and depressed which leads them to beat themselves up for the lack of self-control.

The binge eater engages in conducts which are behavioral and emotional natural. These include:

  • Eating excessive amount of foods whether hungry or not
  • Eating until they feel sick or physically uncomfortable
  • Hiding eating habits due to embarrassment over how much is being consumed
  • Eating normally around others, but gorging behind closed doors
  • Keeping secret stashes of food to binge on later
  • Eating to numb the feelings of stress and tension
  • Expressing disgust at their weight, eating, and body appearance

Treatment and therapies for binge eating include:

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy
  • Interpersonal psychotherapy
  • Nutritional counseling and planning
  • Dialectical behavior therapy
  • Talk therapy
  • Appetite suppressants and anti-depressants can sometimes be prescribed
  • Alternative therapies including acupuncture, aromatherapy, homeopathy, meditation, and massage therapy

There are no exact causes for eating disorders such as binge eating, but researchers believe it has to do with genetics, hormones, and certain personality types. As more studies are completed, information about binge eating disorder along with treatment and prevention will be more readily available.

 

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Diagnosis and Treatment for Panic Disorders

What started as a fun planned day with friends ended with Ann in the emergency room believing she was having a heart attack. As her husband started to list Ann’s symptoms including a raging heartbeat, chest pains, dizziness, trembling, and nausea the doctor listened intently. After a quick EKG, the diagnosis was not a heart attack but instead a panic attack.

Panic attacks have a tendency to reach maximum intensity within a few minutes once they begin and slowly diminish over the next 30 minutes or longer. It is not uncommon for a first time attack to cause a person to seek medical attention. Further attacks occur several times a month and are just as severe as the initial attack.

Women make up three fourths of all panic disorder patients. The disorder often begins when a person is between the ages of 20-30 and is less often to occur in teenagers or those over the age of forty. It is uncommon for panic disorder to afflict the elderly. It is uncommon for panic disorder to afflict the elderly.

Additional symptoms of a panic attack include:

  • Difficulty breathing
  • Terror
  • Feeling of dread
  • Lightheadedness
  • Choking
  • Intense fear, anxiousness, and fright
  • Hot flashes or sudden chills
  • Tingling feeling in toes and fingers
  • Trembling, shaking, and sweating
  • Fear of going crazy or about to die

The treatment for panic disorder is a combination of:

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy – sessions geared towards cognitive modeling with desensitization and behavioral retraining
  • Medication – to prevent or reduce severity and frequency of attacks along with medication to reduce anxiety and depression
  • Psychodynamic therapy – talk therapy
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Diagnosis and Treatment for Bipolar Disorder

There are times when we all have our ups and down, but for a person suffering from bipolar disorder, those up and down times are more severe. Bipolar disorder if left untreated can hurt a person’s work and school performance, damage relationships, and disrupt daily life.

Bipolar disorder is also known as manic depression. It causes serious shifts in behavior, mood, thinking and energy. During an episode, a person can suffer from the highs of mania to the lows of severe depression. The cycles of the disorder last for days, weeks, and sometimes months with such intensity that it interferes with the person’s ability to function.

The causes of the disorder are not completely understood, but have been found to run in families. The first episode usually occurs in early adulthood with system that are subtle and confusion, which often leads to a misdiagnosis.

Bipolar disorder has three different faces:

  • Bipolar I Disorder – the person experiences at least one manic or mixed episode
  • Bipolar II Disorder – the person experiences episodes of hypomania and severe depression
  • Cyclothymia – the person experiences episodes of hypomania and mild depression or cyclical mood swings

Bipolar disorder requires treatment and will not go away by ignoring the problem. In fact, left untreated the individual will get worse causing problems in everything from relationships to careers to mental and physical health.

Psychological and external environment are contributors in the development of the disorder. Certain triggers can set off an episode or make existing symptoms worse. These triggers include:

  • Substance abuse
  • Stress
  • Changes in season
  • Medication
  • Deprivation of sleep

The basic treatment for bipolar disorder includes:

  • A long term treatment program due to chronic relapses
  • Prescribed medication but the focus is on therapy, lifestyle changes, and social support
  • Working with an experienced psychiatrist for monitoring and helping to navigate the patient through his up and down periods

 

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Diagnosis and Treatment for Hoarding

Hoarding has become a more commonly diagnosed mental health disorder over the past few years. The onset of the disorder typically occurs during late adolescents, but can occur later in life after a traumatic event, episode of depression, or brain damage.

Compulsive hoarding is classified as a disorder characterized by a person finding it difficult to discard items that appear to other people as having little or no value. The disorder causes the individual to accumulate clutter which makes it impossible to using living and work spaces as they were intended.

As a result, the clutter becomes a serious threat to the individual’s health and safety along with anyone who lives nearby.  This is due to the fact that the hoarder has acquired too many items for them to eventually use or consume.

Why does a person become a compulsive hoarder? They are:

  • Afraid to lose important information
  • Scared of forgetting the loved one that gave them the item
  • Avoiding making  a decision about an item
  • Afraid to discard items that might be useful or needed some day
  • Afraid of being wasteful
  • Unable to find a way to organize objects so they can be found later

A person is diagnosed with compulsive hoarding when they experience significant distress and/or impairment in function as a result of hoarding behaviors. Common functional impairments include:

  • Infestations
  • Fire and health hazards due to excessive clutter
  • Inability to prepare meals or bath in the home
  • Inability to have guest in the home
  • Conflicts with family or friends due to the clutter

Compulsive hoarding disorder requires a treatment plan. This includes:

  • Cognitive behavior therapy to alter the person’s thinking and gradually dismantle the behavior to come to a solution to the problem
  • Medication for the treatment of OCD
  • Medication for the treatment of depression and anxiety are sometimes included in the program

 

 

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Diagnosis and Treatment for OCD

It is normal to double check that you have unplugged the iron, turned off the stove, or locked your car. However, a person with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) experiences compulsive behaviors brought on by obsessive thoughts that interfere with functioning properly in daily life.

OCD is defined as an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted, uncontrollable, and repetitive thoughts causing ritualized behaviors that the sufferer is compelled to perform. The OCD patient often recognizes the thoughts and behaviors as irrational, but are unable to resist and control them.

The obsessive part of the disorder causes disturbing and distracting thoughts that are impulsive and involuntary. The sufferer often develops obsessive thoughts including fear of being contaminated by dirt and germs, fear of causing harm to self or others, and superstitions.

The compulsive part of the disorder causes behaviors or rituals that must be acted out over and over to the point of causing anxiety as the urge becomes more demanding. The sufferer develops the compulsion to excessively double check things, check the safety of loved ones, hoarding, and repeatedly clean things.

OCD sufferers fall into one or more of the following categories including:

  • Checkers – have the compulsion to check things over and over that they consider to be harmful or dangerous such as the oven, iron, or unlocked doors
  • Washers – afraid of contamination and have cleaning or hand-washing rituals
  • Doubters – afraid that if something is not done perfectly something bad will happen or they will be punished
  • Hoarders – fear that if anything is thrown away something bad will happen causing them to hoard items they do not use or need
  • Counters and arrangers – have an obsession with order and symmetry which often manifests in superstitions about particular colors, arrangements, or numbers

There are many effective treatments for OCD sufferers including:

  • Cognitive therapy
  • Behavioral therapy
  • Medication for anxiety and depression
  • Family therapy
  • Group therapy and support
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Diagnosis and Treatment for PTSD

PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder) is characterized as an emotional illness caused by one or more occurrences of frightening, life-threatening, and highly unsafe experiences. It is classified as an anxiety disorder and had been first formally discovered and diagnosed in war veterans and soldiers.

More recently PTSD has been diagnosed in cases of patients involving sexual abuse, incest, and rape, catastrophic events such as plane crashes and automobile accidents, and even traumatic experiences such as home invasions, divorce, or the sudden death of a loved one.

PTSD can occur directly after a major trauma or be delayed for many months after the event. Patients that experience PTSD soon after the initial trauma are able to improve within a few months. Those that experience a delayed reaction can be faced with a longer-term form of PTSD lasting for many years.

The prevalent groups of symptoms assigned to a PTSD diagnosis include:

  • Re-experiencing the trauma on a recurrent basis including flashbacks, nightmares, and disturbing memories
  • Avoiding people, places, and certain experiences that remind the sufferer of the trauma to the point of developing a phobia
  • Developing chronic physical signs of hypersensitivity including having problems sleeping, poor concentration or trouble concentrating, experiencing blackouts and unable to remember things, and an increase in reaction and tendency for being startled or constant state of fear

A diagnosis of PTDS can be challenging for medical professionals as often time the sufferer comes in for an evaluation of something that appears to be unrelated. PTSD symptoms often manifest themselves physically with body aches and depression or a hidden by substance abuse.

If left untreated, PTSD can have devastating impacts on the sufferer’s emotional state, mental and physical functioning and well-being, and relationships with family.

There are treatment plans for PTSD which includes:

  • Psychological treatment including psychotherapy
  • Serotonergic antidepressants (SSRIs) to relieve and treat anxiety or depression
  • Mood stabilizers and antipsychotics to manage PTSD symptoms
  • Sleep analysis to directly address sleep issues associated with PTSD
  • Relaxation techniques and massage therapy
  • Support groups to assist with learning about the illness, creating a support system, and discovering positive lifestyle practices.
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Treatments For Alcohol Addiction

There is no one best way to treat alcohol addition. This is why some people end up in rehab more than once before they finally conquer their addictions and learn to live without alcohol. The various methods each offer a different approach, and there is no solution that works for everyone.

 

The most successful methods involve teaching the patient how to handle situations that cause him or her to want to drink. The “12-step” methods have been around for years, partly because they do work for many people, but also because they were one of the first formal methods used to address problem drinking. Since modern research has found more information as to what causes alcoholism, there have been developments in more contemporary and shorter-term therapies. One element they all have in common is that they teach patients how to make responsible choices and how to deal with situations in which alcohol is present.

 

Controversial treatments include various drugs to supplement addiction therapy. Some of these medications work by reducing the desire for alcohol. Others work by making a person physically ill whenever they consume alcohol, thus preventing them from drinking any substantial amounts. The illness is such a strong deterrent that eventually the patient learns to live without alcohol. There is also an implant version of this drug that prevents the patient from skipping doses. It is not yet available in the United States.

 

Another highly medication, Naltrexone, is taken before drinking alcohol. It supposedly works by eliminating the pleasurable sensations that alcohol provides. Most alcohol treatment professionals do not recommend drugs such as this because it does not address the underlying causes of alcoholism, and therefore has a very poor success rate.

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Will Health Insurance Cover Mental Health Services?

Until recently, patients suffering from mental health issues found that insurance coverage for these conditions was different from that of medical issues. Often, the deductibles and co-pays for mental health medications and office visits was structured differently from other prescriptions or consultations. In addition, health insurance did not provide the same coverage for residential treatment, or it limited the number of therapy sessions. Essentially, mental health issues have been given a different set of standards, making it much more expensive for patients.

The Mental Health Parity and Addiction Treatment Act of 2010, otherwise known as the “parity law”, is an effort to provide equal insurance benefits for both mental and physical health issues. Under this law, co-pays, deductibles and number of visits to care providers must be the same for both physical and mental health.

While this law extends mental health coverage to many patients, making it much more affordable, it does not guarantee coverage. For example, it does not require health insurance to cover mental health conditions at all. Nor does it apply to companies with less than 50 employees or individual insurance plans. However, for those whose insurance does offer mental health benefits, it means that out-of-pocket costs will be limited. Insurance plans are still free to decide which, if any, mental health conditions they will not cover.

While the parity law does not benefit every mental health patient, it still represents a significant milestone in changing societal views about mental health conditions. Hopefully, it will begin to reduce the outdated prejudices and stereotypes regarding mental health, and help make treatments available to all patients who need them.

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Choosing the Right Rehab Center For Addiction Treatment

Choosing a rehab center isn’t something that should be done rashly or without a lot of thought. Dealing with an addiction takes time, and the odds of success depend a great deal on the type of treatment offered. The most important factor is to choose a facility that utilizes principles you agree with and that you can relate to.

Some rehab centers are faith-oriented or incorporate certain spiritual beliefs. For people who are searching spiritually, these can either be helpful, or they can be very alienating. Always try to examine the core principles that the center uses in treatment to see if they fit with your own. If they don’t, they can serve as a distraction and can interfere with the treatment process.

Location and physical characteristics are important as well. The center may have a wonderful reputation, but if the patient feels uncomfortable in the surroundings, this may generate ambivalence. Other facilities may seem too luxurious, which can give the impression that they re more concerned with appearances than with patient interaction.

Of course, cost is always an important factor. For patients that are paying for treatment out-of-pocket, the most prestigious treatment centers may be out of reach. Health insurance may not cover the total cost of treatment, so it’s important to search for facilities that are well within the family’s budget.

Remember that cost is not always the best indicator of quality. There are many addition treatment centers that provide effective treatment and follow-up services at affordable rates. Physicians can usually recommend treatment centers in a variety of price ranges that are appropriate for their patients’ individual needs.

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